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2d gaussian filter  (MathWorks Inc)
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A Recording sites mainly covered the hand area of the dorsal premotor cortex in each monkey. Black squares denote the position of inserted Utah arrays (96 electrodes for Monkey X, 48 electrodes for Monkey A, B, and Z). Black lines denote brain sulci used to locate the implantation site. PS, principal sulcus; AS, accurate sulcus. B Diagram of the naturalistic reach-and-grasp task. C Upper row: trajectories (black lines) of monkeys’ hand from four example sessions (one for each monkey). Spikes from four exemplary cells in each corresponding session are plotted as circular markers. The color and size of the circles are set according to the spike counts. The brown triangle indicates the position of the monkey’s nose (facing right). Peak firing rate for each cell is labeled on the top of panels. The vertical scale bars represent 5 cm along the x axis and the horizontal scale bars represent 5 cm along the y axis in each panel. Bottom row: corresponding <t>2D</t> spatial firing rate maps, denoted with SI. Dark blue indicates the minimal firing rate within the map, and dark red indicates the maximal firing rate within the map. D The distribution of SI of hand position-tuned cells ( n = 132). E Fitting the hand position firing fields using a 2D <t>Gaussian</t> function. Left, color-coded firing activity of the first cell in ( C ), shown as a function of hand position. The area outside the field is masked with gray. Right, fitted Gaussian function of the field, coefficient of determination, r 2 = 0.83, one-sided F-test, F-statistic = 170.75, P = 0.0000. F Comparison between the r 2 of Gaussian fitting and that of linear fitting, P = 2.46 × 10 −26 , n = 132 cells, one-sided paired t-test. *** P < 0.001. Source data is provided as a Source Data file.
2d Gaussian Filter, supplied by MathWorks Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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2d gaussian filtering  (MathWorks Inc)
90
MathWorks Inc 2d gaussian filtering
A Recording sites mainly covered the hand area of the dorsal premotor cortex in each monkey. Black squares denote the position of inserted Utah arrays (96 electrodes for Monkey X, 48 electrodes for Monkey A, B, and Z). Black lines denote brain sulci used to locate the implantation site. PS, principal sulcus; AS, accurate sulcus. B Diagram of the naturalistic reach-and-grasp task. C Upper row: trajectories (black lines) of monkeys’ hand from four example sessions (one for each monkey). Spikes from four exemplary cells in each corresponding session are plotted as circular markers. The color and size of the circles are set according to the spike counts. The brown triangle indicates the position of the monkey’s nose (facing right). Peak firing rate for each cell is labeled on the top of panels. The vertical scale bars represent 5 cm along the x axis and the horizontal scale bars represent 5 cm along the y axis in each panel. Bottom row: corresponding <t>2D</t> spatial firing rate maps, denoted with SI. Dark blue indicates the minimal firing rate within the map, and dark red indicates the maximal firing rate within the map. D The distribution of SI of hand position-tuned cells ( n = 132). E Fitting the hand position firing fields using a 2D <t>Gaussian</t> function. Left, color-coded firing activity of the first cell in ( C ), shown as a function of hand position. The area outside the field is masked with gray. Right, fitted Gaussian function of the field, coefficient of determination, r 2 = 0.83, one-sided F-test, F-statistic = 170.75, P = 0.0000. F Comparison between the r 2 of Gaussian fitting and that of linear fitting, P = 2.46 × 10 −26 , n = 132 cells, one-sided paired t-test. *** P < 0.001. Source data is provided as a Source Data file.
2d Gaussian Filtering, supplied by MathWorks Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/2d gaussian filtering/product/MathWorks Inc
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2d bandpass gaussian filter  (MathWorks Inc)
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MathWorks Inc 2d bandpass gaussian filter
A Recording sites mainly covered the hand area of the dorsal premotor cortex in each monkey. Black squares denote the position of inserted Utah arrays (96 electrodes for Monkey X, 48 electrodes for Monkey A, B, and Z). Black lines denote brain sulci used to locate the implantation site. PS, principal sulcus; AS, accurate sulcus. B Diagram of the naturalistic reach-and-grasp task. C Upper row: trajectories (black lines) of monkeys’ hand from four example sessions (one for each monkey). Spikes from four exemplary cells in each corresponding session are plotted as circular markers. The color and size of the circles are set according to the spike counts. The brown triangle indicates the position of the monkey’s nose (facing right). Peak firing rate for each cell is labeled on the top of panels. The vertical scale bars represent 5 cm along the x axis and the horizontal scale bars represent 5 cm along the y axis in each panel. Bottom row: corresponding <t>2D</t> spatial firing rate maps, denoted with SI. Dark blue indicates the minimal firing rate within the map, and dark red indicates the maximal firing rate within the map. D The distribution of SI of hand position-tuned cells ( n = 132). E Fitting the hand position firing fields using a 2D <t>Gaussian</t> function. Left, color-coded firing activity of the first cell in ( C ), shown as a function of hand position. The area outside the field is masked with gray. Right, fitted Gaussian function of the field, coefficient of determination, r 2 = 0.83, one-sided F-test, F-statistic = 170.75, P = 0.0000. F Comparison between the r 2 of Gaussian fitting and that of linear fitting, P = 2.46 × 10 −26 , n = 132 cells, one-sided paired t-test. *** P < 0.001. Source data is provided as a Source Data file.
2d Bandpass Gaussian Filter, supplied by MathWorks Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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2d gaussian filter  (Natan GmbH)
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Natan GmbH 2d gaussian filter
A Recording sites mainly covered the hand area of the dorsal premotor cortex in each monkey. Black squares denote the position of inserted Utah arrays (96 electrodes for Monkey X, 48 electrodes for Monkey A, B, and Z). Black lines denote brain sulci used to locate the implantation site. PS, principal sulcus; AS, accurate sulcus. B Diagram of the naturalistic reach-and-grasp task. C Upper row: trajectories (black lines) of monkeys’ hand from four example sessions (one for each monkey). Spikes from four exemplary cells in each corresponding session are plotted as circular markers. The color and size of the circles are set according to the spike counts. The brown triangle indicates the position of the monkey’s nose (facing right). Peak firing rate for each cell is labeled on the top of panels. The vertical scale bars represent 5 cm along the x axis and the horizontal scale bars represent 5 cm along the y axis in each panel. Bottom row: corresponding <t>2D</t> spatial firing rate maps, denoted with SI. Dark blue indicates the minimal firing rate within the map, and dark red indicates the maximal firing rate within the map. D The distribution of SI of hand position-tuned cells ( n = 132). E Fitting the hand position firing fields using a 2D <t>Gaussian</t> function. Left, color-coded firing activity of the first cell in ( C ), shown as a function of hand position. The area outside the field is masked with gray. Right, fitted Gaussian function of the field, coefficient of determination, r 2 = 0.83, one-sided F-test, F-statistic = 170.75, P = 0.0000. F Comparison between the r 2 of Gaussian fitting and that of linear fitting, P = 2.46 × 10 −26 , n = 132 cells, one-sided paired t-test. *** P < 0.001. Source data is provided as a Source Data file.
2d Gaussian Filter, supplied by Natan GmbH, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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2d gaussian filters  (MathWorks Inc)
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MathWorks Inc 2d gaussian filters
A Recording sites mainly covered the hand area of the dorsal premotor cortex in each monkey. Black squares denote the position of inserted Utah arrays (96 electrodes for Monkey X, 48 electrodes for Monkey A, B, and Z). Black lines denote brain sulci used to locate the implantation site. PS, principal sulcus; AS, accurate sulcus. B Diagram of the naturalistic reach-and-grasp task. C Upper row: trajectories (black lines) of monkeys’ hand from four example sessions (one for each monkey). Spikes from four exemplary cells in each corresponding session are plotted as circular markers. The color and size of the circles are set according to the spike counts. The brown triangle indicates the position of the monkey’s nose (facing right). Peak firing rate for each cell is labeled on the top of panels. The vertical scale bars represent 5 cm along the x axis and the horizontal scale bars represent 5 cm along the y axis in each panel. Bottom row: corresponding <t>2D</t> spatial firing rate maps, denoted with SI. Dark blue indicates the minimal firing rate within the map, and dark red indicates the maximal firing rate within the map. D The distribution of SI of hand position-tuned cells ( n = 132). E Fitting the hand position firing fields using a 2D <t>Gaussian</t> function. Left, color-coded firing activity of the first cell in ( C ), shown as a function of hand position. The area outside the field is masked with gray. Right, fitted Gaussian function of the field, coefficient of determination, r 2 = 0.83, one-sided F-test, F-statistic = 170.75, P = 0.0000. F Comparison between the r 2 of Gaussian fitting and that of linear fitting, P = 2.46 × 10 −26 , n = 132 cells, one-sided paired t-test. *** P < 0.001. Source data is provided as a Source Data file.
2d Gaussian Filters, supplied by MathWorks Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/2d gaussian filters/product/MathWorks Inc
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2d gaussian smoothing filter  (MathWorks Inc)
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MathWorks Inc 2d gaussian smoothing filter
A Recording sites mainly covered the hand area of the dorsal premotor cortex in each monkey. Black squares denote the position of inserted Utah arrays (96 electrodes for Monkey X, 48 electrodes for Monkey A, B, and Z). Black lines denote brain sulci used to locate the implantation site. PS, principal sulcus; AS, accurate sulcus. B Diagram of the naturalistic reach-and-grasp task. C Upper row: trajectories (black lines) of monkeys’ hand from four example sessions (one for each monkey). Spikes from four exemplary cells in each corresponding session are plotted as circular markers. The color and size of the circles are set according to the spike counts. The brown triangle indicates the position of the monkey’s nose (facing right). Peak firing rate for each cell is labeled on the top of panels. The vertical scale bars represent 5 cm along the x axis and the horizontal scale bars represent 5 cm along the y axis in each panel. Bottom row: corresponding <t>2D</t> spatial firing rate maps, denoted with SI. Dark blue indicates the minimal firing rate within the map, and dark red indicates the maximal firing rate within the map. D The distribution of SI of hand position-tuned cells ( n = 132). E Fitting the hand position firing fields using a 2D <t>Gaussian</t> function. Left, color-coded firing activity of the first cell in ( C ), shown as a function of hand position. The area outside the field is masked with gray. Right, fitted Gaussian function of the field, coefficient of determination, r 2 = 0.83, one-sided F-test, F-statistic = 170.75, P = 0.0000. F Comparison between the r 2 of Gaussian fitting and that of linear fitting, P = 2.46 × 10 −26 , n = 132 cells, one-sided paired t-test. *** P < 0.001. Source data is provided as a Source Data file.
2d Gaussian Smoothing Filter, supplied by MathWorks Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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2d gaussian filtering using the matlab inbuilt function imgaussfilt  (MathWorks Inc)
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MathWorks Inc 2d gaussian filtering using the matlab inbuilt function imgaussfilt
A Recording sites mainly covered the hand area of the dorsal premotor cortex in each monkey. Black squares denote the position of inserted Utah arrays (96 electrodes for Monkey X, 48 electrodes for Monkey A, B, and Z). Black lines denote brain sulci used to locate the implantation site. PS, principal sulcus; AS, accurate sulcus. B Diagram of the naturalistic reach-and-grasp task. C Upper row: trajectories (black lines) of monkeys’ hand from four example sessions (one for each monkey). Spikes from four exemplary cells in each corresponding session are plotted as circular markers. The color and size of the circles are set according to the spike counts. The brown triangle indicates the position of the monkey’s nose (facing right). Peak firing rate for each cell is labeled on the top of panels. The vertical scale bars represent 5 cm along the x axis and the horizontal scale bars represent 5 cm along the y axis in each panel. Bottom row: corresponding <t>2D</t> spatial firing rate maps, denoted with SI. Dark blue indicates the minimal firing rate within the map, and dark red indicates the maximal firing rate within the map. D The distribution of SI of hand position-tuned cells ( n = 132). E Fitting the hand position firing fields using a 2D <t>Gaussian</t> function. Left, color-coded firing activity of the first cell in ( C ), shown as a function of hand position. The area outside the field is masked with gray. Right, fitted Gaussian function of the field, coefficient of determination, r 2 = 0.83, one-sided F-test, F-statistic = 170.75, P = 0.0000. F Comparison between the r 2 of Gaussian fitting and that of linear fitting, P = 2.46 × 10 −26 , n = 132 cells, one-sided paired t-test. *** P < 0.001. Source data is provided as a Source Data file.
2d Gaussian Filtering Using The Matlab Inbuilt Function Imgaussfilt, supplied by MathWorks Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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A Recording sites mainly covered the hand area of the dorsal premotor cortex in each monkey. Black squares denote the position of inserted Utah arrays (96 electrodes for Monkey X, 48 electrodes for Monkey A, B, and Z). Black lines denote brain sulci used to locate the implantation site. PS, principal sulcus; AS, accurate sulcus. B Diagram of the naturalistic reach-and-grasp task. C Upper row: trajectories (black lines) of monkeys’ hand from four example sessions (one for each monkey). Spikes from four exemplary cells in each corresponding session are plotted as circular markers. The color and size of the circles are set according to the spike counts. The brown triangle indicates the position of the monkey’s nose (facing right). Peak firing rate for each cell is labeled on the top of panels. The vertical scale bars represent 5 cm along the x axis and the horizontal scale bars represent 5 cm along the y axis in each panel. Bottom row: corresponding 2D spatial firing rate maps, denoted with SI. Dark blue indicates the minimal firing rate within the map, and dark red indicates the maximal firing rate within the map. D The distribution of SI of hand position-tuned cells ( n = 132). E Fitting the hand position firing fields using a 2D Gaussian function. Left, color-coded firing activity of the first cell in ( C ), shown as a function of hand position. The area outside the field is masked with gray. Right, fitted Gaussian function of the field, coefficient of determination, r 2 = 0.83, one-sided F-test, F-statistic = 170.75, P = 0.0000. F Comparison between the r 2 of Gaussian fitting and that of linear fitting, P = 2.46 × 10 −26 , n = 132 cells, one-sided paired t-test. *** P < 0.001. Source data is provided as a Source Data file.

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Hand position fields of neurons in the premotor cortex of macaques during natural reaching

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-58786-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Recording sites mainly covered the hand area of the dorsal premotor cortex in each monkey. Black squares denote the position of inserted Utah arrays (96 electrodes for Monkey X, 48 electrodes for Monkey A, B, and Z). Black lines denote brain sulci used to locate the implantation site. PS, principal sulcus; AS, accurate sulcus. B Diagram of the naturalistic reach-and-grasp task. C Upper row: trajectories (black lines) of monkeys’ hand from four example sessions (one for each monkey). Spikes from four exemplary cells in each corresponding session are plotted as circular markers. The color and size of the circles are set according to the spike counts. The brown triangle indicates the position of the monkey’s nose (facing right). Peak firing rate for each cell is labeled on the top of panels. The vertical scale bars represent 5 cm along the x axis and the horizontal scale bars represent 5 cm along the y axis in each panel. Bottom row: corresponding 2D spatial firing rate maps, denoted with SI. Dark blue indicates the minimal firing rate within the map, and dark red indicates the maximal firing rate within the map. D The distribution of SI of hand position-tuned cells ( n = 132). E Fitting the hand position firing fields using a 2D Gaussian function. Left, color-coded firing activity of the first cell in ( C ), shown as a function of hand position. The area outside the field is masked with gray. Right, fitted Gaussian function of the field, coefficient of determination, r 2 = 0.83, one-sided F-test, F-statistic = 170.75, P = 0.0000. F Comparison between the r 2 of Gaussian fitting and that of linear fitting, P = 2.46 × 10 −26 , n = 132 cells, one-sided paired t-test. *** P < 0.001. Source data is provided as a Source Data file.

Article Snippet: Each map was then smoothed by a 2D Gaussian filter (standard deviation: 1.5 bin, Matlab function imgaussfilt ).

Techniques: Labeling, Activity Assay, Comparison